Addressing the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities at its 47th plenary Session, Parliamentary Assembly President Theodoros Rousopoulos highlighted the most pressing challenges the Assembly and the Congress both needed to face, including democratic backsliding, Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, the global environmental crisis, gender inequalities, the impact of AI on democracy and human rights, and the migration crisis.

“The direct access to citizens’ concerns and expectations regarding democracy, human rights and the rule of law that you have makes your Congress a crucial local and regional dimension to governance,” he emphasised, evoking this body’s 30th anniversary.

The PACE President welcomed the Congress’s revised priorities following the Reykjavik Summit, in particular the strengthened monitoring of local democracy and respect for the rule of law. “This serves as an important element of an early warning system to signal signs of democratic erosion in our member states,” he said.

“As in any parliament, battles are fought within the Parliamentary Assembly, and in this Congress as well, but our weapons are not bullets, they are the words that combine to create arguments,” Mr Rousopoulos concluded.

The European Union and the Agreements with Morocco: An In-Depth Analysis of Recent Developments

The European Union (EU) has recently taken crucial decisions regarding its fisheries and agriculture agreements with Morocco, a matter that raises complex economic, political and legal issues. These agreements, which allow European vessels access to Moroccan waters and facilitate the import of Moroccan agricultural products into the European market, are essential for both parties. However, they are also marked by tensions linked to the Western Sahara issue.

Legal background to the agreements

The fisheries and agriculture agreements between the EU and Morocco have been renewed several times since they were first signed. However, their legitimacy has been called into question, notably following rulings by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). In 2016, the CJEU annulled a fisheries agreement, arguing that it failed to comply with international law, particularly with regard to the rights of the Saharan people. The Court stressed that the resources of Western Sahara cannot be exploited without the consent of its people, leading to a re-evaluation of existing agreements.

Morocco’s position and international support

Morocco has championed an autonomy initiative for Western Sahara, proposing a solution that would allow the territory to enjoy a degree of autonomy while remaining under Moroccan sovereignty. This initiative has received the support of over 100 nations, including major geopolitical players such as the United States, France, the United Arab Emirates, Israel, Germany and Spain. This international support is crucial for Morocco, as it strengthens its position on the international stage and enables it to legitimize its actions regarding the Western Sahara.

Morocco maintains that the proposed autonomy is the best solution for ensuring stability and development in the region. The Moroccan authorities maintain that this initiative could encourage dialogue and cooperation between the various stakeholders, while guaranteeing respect for the rights of local populations.

Reactions from the Polisario Front

In contrast, the Polisario Front, which claims independence for Western Sahara and is supported by Algeria, advocates a referendum on self-determination for the Saharan people. This position has historically enjoyed some international support, but is currently less popular in the current geopolitical context.

The difficulties of implementing a referendum are manifold. Analysts point out that issues such as voter registration, factional tensions and security concerns make it a complex option. Moreover, international support for the Polisario Front has waned in recent years, further complicating its position.

Economic consequences of the agreements

The fisheries and agriculture agreements are of vital importance to the Moroccan economy. The fishing industry, in particular, is an essential source of income and employment, especially in coastal regions. Access to the European market enables Moroccan fishermen to sell their products at a competitive price, while meeting the growing demand for seafood products in Europe.

At the same time, the agricultural agreement also opens up opportunities for Morocco to export agricultural products, promoting the development of Moroccan agriculture. For the EU, these agreements guarantee a stable supply of food products while supporting sustainable fishing, which is crucial in the context of growing concerns about food security in Europe.

Future challenges

The challenges facing the EU and Morocco are many. The need to reconcile economic interests with the requirements of international law and humanitarian concerns is paramount. The situation in Western Sahara continues to be a sticking point influencing EU negotiations and decisions.

The EU seeks to maintain advantageous trade relations with Morocco while respecting the principles of international law. The complexity of this situation calls for continuous and constructive dialogue between the various parties, in order to find lasting solutions that are acceptable to all.

Future prospects

In the future, the EU may consider modifications to its agreements to ensure their compliance with international legal standards while safeguarding its economic interests. Enhanced dialogue between the EU and Morocco will be essential to navigate these complexities. Morocco’s international support could also play a key role in future discussions, influencing EU decisions.

In summary, the EU’s decision on fisheries and agriculture agreements with Morocco represents a delicate balance between economic interests, legal considerations and humanitarian issues. Future discussions will need to take these various aspects into account to achieve sustainable solutions, while recognizing the international context that shapes this dynamic. The future of EU-Morocco relations will depend on the ability of both parties to overcome current challenges and cooperate constructively for the development of the region.

Elections are a key moment in the democratic life of a country. On this day, no fewer than 8 million voters across Belgium were called to the polls. On the whole, the day went off without a hitch at most polling stations, but there were a few hiccups that disrupted the smooth running of the process. Here’s a detailed look back at election day, marked by technical challenges in Brussels and organizational problems in Wallonia.

Delays at polling stations in Brussels

Residents of the Brussels commune of Evere had to be patient. From early morning onwards, an interminable line stretched out in front of the polling station, and some voters found themselves waiting much longer than expected.

“I arrived at around 8.10am, it’s now 8.43am, and it’s not really moving fast,” confided one voter.

The cause of the delay? An administrative error linked to an envelope containing the wrong codes needed to open the polling stations.

A technical envelope error

A polling station assessor explains the situation:

“This morning, we were waiting for this envelope to be able to switch on and start up the entire polling station. We received it on time, but it turned out to be the wrong one, so we didn’t have the right codes to start up.”

This confusion delayed the opening of polling stations, testing the patience of voters, some of whom were present well before 8am.

Lack of assessors in Wallonia

While in Brussels it was the technology that was lacking, in Wallonia, notably in Maurage, the problem was quite different. This polling station had to postpone its opening due to staff shortages. Two assessors were missing, a major challenge for the organizing team.

A multi-tasking mother

One of the team members, a mother, explained the difficulty of finding support on this election day, which also coincided with an important personal moment.

“Dad works, and the parents are sick. We’re hoping there will be a volunteer willing to help out to take the mental and physical load off our shoulders. It’s a special day because it’s also my daughter’s first birthday, so we’ll be celebrating her first birthday by doing the elections.”

Despite these challenges, the president of the polling station doesn’t give up and tries to recruit volunteers from among those present. After several attempts, he finally found the missing assessors.

A race against time to find assessors

In La Louvière, the process of recruiting assessors proved particularly complex. The departments responsible for the elections were faced with a veritable race against the clock to assemble the necessary teams.

“On Tuesday, we had 630 assessors out of the 1,100 who had registered. So we had to rush at the last minute to be able to recruit again,” explained a local official.

Fortunately, despite these difficulties, the polling stations in Maurage finally found the two missing assessors, enabling them to open the stations and welcome voters in good conditions.

Conclusion

Although the election day was a success overall, it did highlight a number of organizational shortcomings, both technical in Brussels and logistical in Wallonia. Nevertheless, the mobilization of our teams in the field and the solidarity of our volunteers enabled us to overcome these obstacles, guaranteeing a smooth voting process for the majority of voters. However, these incidents underline the importance of better anticipation and preparation for the organization of elections in the future, to avoid such problems recurring.